Art criticism - quite a young science: it appeared in the
XVIII century, thanks to Johann Winckelmann, a German historian and
antiquarian. And as a university specialty art criticism emerged at the turn of
XIX-XX centuries. Today, the future experts in the masterpieces and rarities
bring in dozens of universities around the world. Study abroad - it's a great
opportunity to not only get a quality education, but also personally acquainted
with the richest art collections.
Hard to learn without practice ...
During his studies, you have to remember a lot of names,
names, terms, write an essay on a given topic. And also to train visual memory
for the fragment pattern to determine the master, style, era. One of the most
important aspects of learning - visits to exhibitions, museums, participation
in the preparation of thematic exhibitions and catalogs.
But not become an art without practice. It is necessary at
least once to see with their own eyes what will be then written an article or
thesis. This is especially true for those who are planning to become an expert
in a narrow range (antiques, jewelry, art, and so a certain period. N.).
Combine theory and practice can be, if you go to a country where the tradition
of art is closely related to the direction of studied or have a large
collection of world art. Once could only dream of such an opportunity.
Aimlessly?
Most people choose a specialty "Art", have a
tendency to a certain area and the direction in art and clear idea of what
they want to study. Yet the final choice of the country and institution where
you are within a few years will be to study art - is not easy. Firstly, you
need to get a student visa. The condition of issuance is an invitation from a
university or institute. But to get such an invitation, it is necessary with a
test to confirm the required level of knowledge of the language of instruction.
Secondly, it is necessary to pass the entrance exam, or pass the competition.
"Art" - a rare specialty, and the number of places in the world's
best schools are always limited. In this there is a reason: the expert in the
field of art - piece "goods", and issued in-line. Thirdly, There are
different approaches to teaching. In some schools, the emphasis is on the study
of the practice, assessment, and determining the authenticity of works of art.
On such programs prepare experts who work at auctions and exhibitions, antique
shops, on the opening day.
Other "incarcerated" under the program of art
history research: they are prepared historians and analysts. Therefore, when
choosing a university or faculty need to carefully study the program and decide
whether it meets your objectives. All modern methods of teaching of art in the
West, based on the synthesis study of classical art theory and contemporary
processes in the area of the art market, and virtual media technology.
Across countries and continents
"For art" can go to Europe, the USA and even
Australia. Limitations associated with the financial capacity and the level of
knowledge of the language. So, if you intend to study in the UK or in the US,
it is loose enough to speak in English. But if your choice has fallen on Italy
or France, then other than English require Italian or French. Of course, art
ideally better to know two or even three languages. Each country has its own
peculiarities, and each institution - its own merits. It remains only to
choose.
The British spirit
Most people choose a specialty "Art", have a
tendency to a certain area and the direction in art and clear idea of what
they want to study. Yet the final choice of the country and institution where
you are within a few years will be to study art - is not easy. Firstly, you
need to get a student visa. The condition of issuance is an invitation from a
university or institute. But to get such an invitation, it is necessary with a
test to confirm the required level of knowledge of the language of instruction.
Secondly, it is necessary to pass the entrance exam, or pass
the competition. "Art" - a rare specialty, and the number of places
in the world's best schools are always limited. In this there is a reason: the
expert in the field of art - piece "goods", and issued in-line.
Thirdly, there are different approaches to teaching. In some
schools, the emphasis is on the study of the practice, assessment, and
determining the authenticity of works of art. On such programs prepare experts
who work at auctions and exhibitions, antique shops, on the opening day. Other
"incarcerated" under the program of art history research: they are
prepared historians and analysts. Therefore, when choosing a university or
faculty need to carefully study the program and decide whether it meets your
objectives. All modern methods of teaching of art in the West, based on the
synthesis study of classical art theory and contemporary processes in the area
of the art market, and virtual media technology.
The basic idea of the educational process - to stimulate
creative thinking of students, and to create conditions for the development of
new ideas in the field of art. In the course of training in high schools, the
future art are independent research and take part in the actual creative
projects (for example, in the annual Festival of the Arts) and all important
cultural events.
In the homeland of Leonardo Raphael and Michelangelo
Education in the field of art in Italy, you can get
everywhere. In addition to the Italian universities and schools under the
jurisdiction of the Ministry of Education or the Council on the national
cultural heritage of the country, on its territory there are branches (base) of
the other European institutions (for example, the Institute of Winckelmann, the
Vienna Academy of Fine Arts).
University of Rome, University of Bologna, the Academy of
Fine Arts with branches in Rome, Florence, Milan and other cities. Art history
course in Italian universities, academies and art schools last four years and
is divided into two parts - theoretical and practical. For admission must pass
exams, sometimes it is required to provide a portfolio of creative works.
Practice in the Italian museums and galleries delivers indescribable aesthetic
pleasure (which is one the Uffizi Gallery in Florence!). By the way, in the
Italian Academy of Fine Arts there are no quotas for foreigners: the laws of
the country, on the contrary, encourage entry to the study of culture and art.
From Paris to Vienna
France, Germany and Austria, too, has always been among the
countries of the Protecting art. No wonder there are focused the world-famous
museums with collections of masterpieces from ancient Egypt to the present day.
Vienna Academy of Fine Arts, University of Music and
Performing Arts in Salzburg are among the most prestigious universities among
critics. And in Berlin im.Gumboldta University - as many as four of the Faculty
of Arts.
In France, the most prestigious is the Paris Higher National
School of Fine Arts, founded in 1648 by Cardinal Mazarin. Public and private
institutions of higher art schools (Ecoles d'Art), under the patronage of the
Ministry of Culture, there is in other cities (Rennes, Lyon, Angers).
Training term - three to five years, at the end of the
diploma in art specialist. Just EduArt association in France includes about 50
art academies. They offer about a hundred educational programs in art, art
history and cultural project management.
open America
To travel to the United States from Russia is far and
expensive. However, the quality of education in American schools of art is not
inferior to European, but some believe that even surpasses.
US should
choose those who intend to become an expert on contemporary art. The most
striking art schools are The New York Academy of Art, School of Art, Yale
University, Art Institute of Chicago and the School of Design, Rhode Island. In
addition to studying traditional arts much emphasis on contemporary trends in
art curricula included "classes" on the theory and critique of
contemporary art.
A distinctive feature of American education in the arts - on
the same course are to teach the orthodox professor connoisseur of classical
art and the artist, performance artist.
Art critic to be in love with his profession. Employment
expert is full of mysteries and discoveries, it requires curiosity, hard work
and profound knowledge. Studying abroad gives the opportunity not only to
witness the world's masterpieces of painting and sculpture, but also to
understand that nowadays the line between art history and practical art has
become very thin.
How much is
Art history program is quite expensive. For example, studies
in the School of Arts, Architecture and Design at the University of Brighton
will cost 8-9 kips per year, and at the Faculty of Arts at the University of
Glasgow - about 7 ksi, in any of the French art schools - an average of 5-8
TEUR
The point of view on the profession
Art critic
- a seller of rare books, who knows how any object of antiquity represented as
an attractive for the buyer of art. The rest - a matter of tactics. And here it
all depends on the talent. One uses well-known methods, other invents his own.
Gilles Deleuze, for example, wrote an interesting book about how the work of
art thanks to Francis Bacon, an artist is quite ordinary, acquired the status
of a living classic.
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